Compliance

Audit or Review? The ISRE 2400 Option for Small Cyprus Companies (2026)

Every Cyprus company must be audited or reviewed. From FYs on/after 6 Feb 2026 a small company can have an ISRE 2400 review instead of a full audit if turnover stays below €300,000 and assets below €500,000. The exact test, the traps, and which applies to you.

PT
Philippou Tax & Advisory TeamAccounting & Tax Specialists
11 min readUpdated 15 June 2026

Quick answer

Every Cyprus company must file financial statements that are either audited or reviewed by an ICPAC-licensed statutory auditor — there is no size at which a company needs neither. A company may have a lighter ISRE 2400 review instead of a full audit only if net turnover stays below €300,000 and total gross assets below €500,000 for two consecutive years.

Key takeaways

  • There is no audit exemption for Cyprus companies: every company files accounts that are audited or reviewed by a licensed statutory auditor.
  • A company can choose a review (ISRE 2400, limited assurance) instead of a full audit only if it meets both tests below for two consecutive years.
  • Net turnover below €300,000 (raised from €200,000 for financial years on/after 6 February 2026).
  • Total gross assets below €500,000 (unchanged).
  • A review gives limited assurance ('nothing came to our attention'); an audit gives reasonable assurance (a true and fair view).
  • Group subsidiaries rarely qualify — intercompany balances usually push assets over €500,000.

The default rule in Cyprus is simple and often misunderstood: every company must prepare financial statements and have them either audited or reviewed by a licensed statutory auditor. There is no turnover below which a company escapes both. What changed in 2026 is not an exemption — it is that more small companies can now use the lighter, cheaper review engagement under ISRE 2400 (Revised) instead of a full statutory audit, because the turnover ceiling for that option rose from €200,000 to €300,000.

This guide sets out exactly when a review can replace an audit in 2026, the difference in what you get, a worked example of who qualifies, and the traps that catch companies out. It pairs with our guide to Cyprus company annual obligations and the 2026 tax calendar.

Does every Cyprus company need an audit?

Yes — or a review. Under the Companies Law (Cap. 113), every Cyprus company must prepare financial statements under IFRS and have them examined by a statutory auditor licensed and regulated by ICPAC. The only relief for small companies is the type of engagement: a qualifying company can have a review rather than a full audit. Both are signed by a licensed auditor, and both sets of financial statements are filed in the same way and to the same deadlines.

There is no "no-accounts" tier for companies

A common myth is that the smallest companies need no accounts. That is not true for companies. The "turnover below which no audited accounts are needed" rule applies to self-employed individuals, not to limited companies — see going self-employed in Cyprus. A dormant company can apply specific dormant-company treatment, but an active company always needs an audit or a review.

When can a review replace the audit in 2026?

A company may opt for a review instead of a full audit only if it satisfies both of the following for two consecutive financial years:

TestLimit (FY on/after 6 Feb 2026)Previously
Net turnoverBelow €300,000Below €200,000
Total gross assetsBelow €500,000Below €500,000 (unchanged)
Period for which both must holdTwo consecutive financial years
Who performs itICPAC-licensed statutory auditor / audit firm
The review option (ISRE 2400 Revised) has existed for financial periods ending on/after 31 December 2022; the 2026 change raised the turnover ceiling from €200,000 to €300,000.

If either test is failed — turnover at or above €300,000, or assets at or above €500,000 — a full statutory audit is required. The two tests are cumulative, not alternatives: passing one is not enough.

Transitional point

The €300,000 turnover limit applies to financial years beginning on or after 6 February 2026. For earlier years the limit is €200,000. A December year-end company applying the new limit will typically do so from its FY2026 accounts onward — confirm your company's position for the specific year you are filing.

Audit vs review: what's actually different?

The two engagements differ in the level of assurance the auditor gives — and therefore in how much work is done and what the report is worth to a third party.

Definition

An audit provides reasonable assurance: the auditor performs detailed testing and expresses a positive opinion that the financial statements give a true and fair view. A review (ISRE 2400) provides limited assurance: the auditor performs mainly enquiry and analytical procedures and gives a negative-form conclusion that nothing has come to their attention to suggest the statements are materially misstated.

Statutory auditReview (ISRE 2400)
Assurance levelReasonable (true & fair view)Limited (nothing came to attention)
StandardInternational Standards on Auditing (ISAs)ISRE 2400 (Revised)
Work involvedRisk assessment + substantive testing of balancesEnquiry + analytical procedures
Typical cost & timeHigherLower
Signed byICPAC-licensed statutory auditorICPAC-licensed statutory auditor
Filing obligationSame deadlinesSame deadlines
A review is lighter and cheaper, but it does not carry the weight of an audit opinion where a bank, investor or tender specifically requires audited accounts.

Worked example: who qualifies, who doesn't

The two-test, two-year mechanic is best seen on real numbers. Take three Cyprus companies with a December year-end, looking at their FY2026 accounts:

CompanyTurnoverTotal assetsOutcome (FY2026)
A — small consultancy€250,000€180,000Review — both tests passed (assuming FY2025 also passed)
B — growing trader€310,000€120,000Audit — turnover ≥ €300,000
C — asset-heavy holding€90,000€640,000Audit — assets ≥ €500,000, even though turnover is tiny
Company C is the classic trap: a low-turnover holding or property company is still pushed into a full audit by its balance sheet.
Worked example

Company A turned over €248,000 in FY2025 and €250,000 in FY2026, with assets of €170,000 and €180,000. Because both turnover and assets stayed under the limits for two consecutive years, Company A can file FY2026 with an ISRE 2400 review rather than a full audit — a lower-cost engagement for the same filing outcome. Had its FY2025 turnover been €305,000, the two-consecutive-year test would fail and FY2026 would still need a full audit.

The traps that catch companies out

  • Both tests, every year. Failing either turnover or assets — in either of the two years — means a full audit.
  • Group subsidiaries rarely qualify. Intercompany loans and receivables usually push total gross assets over €500,000, so subsidiaries of international groups normally stay on a full audit regardless of turnover.
  • Switching back and forth. A company hovering around €300,000 may flip between review and audit year to year. Many owners near the line simply stay on audit for continuity.
  • Third parties may require an audit. Banks, investors, acquirers and public tenders often insist on audited accounts. A review will not satisfy them even if you qualify for one.
  • Self-employed individuals are different. The rules above are for companies; the assurance obligation for a sole trader follows separate turnover rules — see going self-employed in Cyprus.

Which should you choose?

If your company is clearly above either threshold, the decision is made for you — a full audit is required. If you genuinely qualify for a review, weigh three things:

  • Does anyone require audited accounts? If your bank, investors or a tender do, take the audit regardless.
  • Are you about to grow past €300,000? Continuity often argues for staying on audit rather than switching.
  • Is cost the priority and external assurance need low? Then the review is the lighter, cheaper route — and the saving is real.

Whichever applies, clean bookkeeping is what keeps either engagement fast and inexpensive. The messier the records, the more the auditor has to do — and the more either a review or an audit costs.

How we handle audits and reviews

We keep your books audit-ready year-round through our accounting and bookkeeping service, work out whether your company qualifies for a review, and coordinate the engagement through our network of ICPAC-licensed statutory auditors — Philippou Accounting prepares and manages; the statutory opinion is signed by the licensed auditor. If you are weighing a switch of provider, our guide to changing accountant in Cyprus shows what a clean handover looks like. Talk to us about which engagement your company needs in 2026.

Key terms

Statutory audit
An examination giving reasonable assurance that financial statements give a true and fair view, performed under International Standards on Auditing by an ICPAC-licensed statutory auditor.
Review engagement (ISRE 2400)
A limited-assurance engagement under ISRE 2400 (Revised) using enquiry and analytical procedures, concluding that nothing came to the auditor's attention to suggest material misstatement. Lighter and cheaper than an audit.
Limited vs reasonable assurance
Reasonable assurance (audit) is a high but not absolute level expressed as a positive opinion; limited assurance (review) is lower and expressed in negative form.
Net turnover
Revenue from the company's ordinary activities; one of the two tests (below €300,000) for the review option.
Total gross assets
The total of the company's assets before deducting liabilities; the second test (below €500,000) for the review option.

Frequently asked questions

It can replace the full audit with a lighter ISRE 2400 review — but not avoid assurance entirely. A company qualifies for a review only if net turnover stays below €300,000 and total gross assets below €500,000 for two consecutive financial years. Otherwise a full statutory audit is required.

Every active Cyprus company must file financial statements that are either audited or reviewed by an ICPAC-licensed statutory auditor. There is no turnover level at which a company needs neither. Only the type of engagement — audit or review — depends on size.

For financial years on or after 6 February 2026, a company can use a review instead of a full audit if net turnover is below €300,000 (raised from €200,000) and total gross assets are below €500,000, for two consecutive years. Above either limit, a full audit is required.

An audit gives reasonable assurance through detailed testing and a true-and-fair-view opinion. A review (ISRE 2400) gives limited assurance through enquiry and analytical procedures, concluding nothing came to the auditor's attention. A review is lighter, quicker and cheaper, but carries less weight with third parties.

Both audits and reviews must be performed and signed by a statutory auditor licensed and regulated by ICPAC. A review is not a self-certification — it still requires a licensed auditor. We coordinate both through our partner licensed auditors.

Rarely. Intercompany loans and receivables usually push total gross assets above €500,000, so subsidiaries of international groups typically remain on a full audit regardless of turnover.

Often yes. If your bank, investors, an acquirer or a tender require audited accounts, take the audit regardless. A review will not satisfy a party that specifically asks for audited financial statements.

Generally yes. A review involves enquiry and analytical procedures rather than substantive testing of every balance, so it takes less time and costs less — which is why the option exists for smaller companies. Clean bookkeeping reduces the cost of either engagement.

PT

Philippou Tax & Advisory Team

Accounting & Tax Specialists

Our articles are written and reviewed by the Philippou Accounting tax and advisory team — qualified accountants and tax advisers who handle Cyprus corporate and personal tax, VAT, payroll and audit coordination every day. Every figure is checked against the current Cyprus tax framework and the 2026 reform.

This article is general information based on the Cyprus tax framework for 2026 and is not a substitute for tailored professional advice. Speak to us about your specific circumstances.

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